What Are the Risks Presented by Smoking in Type 2 Diabetes?

Various studies have linked heavy smoking with increased chances of developing insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. The highest risk is associated with those who smoke over one pack a day (a pack contains roughly 20 cigarettes).

However, with the cessation of smoking, insulin resistance appears to gradually subside, suggesting the possibility of reversing insulin resistance prompted by smoking. Smoking also poses a danger to people with high blood pressure or who are at risk for heart disease… both of which conditions are also increasingly likely for a Type 2 diabetic.

Smoking is therefore a known risk and a highly warned against activity for pre-diabetics and those at risk for Type 2 diabetes. The likelihood increases with each additional risk factor in an individual’s medical history:

  • ethnic background (African-American, Native American or Hispanic)
  • age (the older the individual the higher the risk of Type 2 diabetes)
  • obesity (20% or more over average body weight as determined by height/weight ratio, or as determined by a BMI evaluation)
  • physical stress such as chronic illness or surgery
  • alcohol use
  • pancreatic injury (from infection, accident or malignancy)
  • autoimmune disease
  • hypertension
  • high blood cholesterol
  • certain medications
  • family history of Type 2 diabetes (particularly if one or both parents and one or more siblings have Type 2)
  • history of gestational diabetes

Research shows smoking not only increases your chances of developing Type 2 diabetes, it can make living with Type 2 much harder and more dangerous.

Smoking increases your chance of:

  • heart disease
  • stroke
  • kidney disease
  • vascular disease
  • foot ailments
  • retinopathy (eye disease) and
  • neuropathy (nerve damage)

In people with Type 2 diabetes, the damage from any of the above conditions is increased significantly especially with habitual smoking. Controlling blood sugar levels is difficult as nicotine is a known appetite suppressant.

Smoking can cause hardening or narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis), which can be complicated by Type 2 diabetes as small blood vessels sustain damage from a high sugar environment. It can also raise blood pressure, another known complication of Type 2. Limited joint mobility can be complicated also by both smoking and diabetes due to neuropathy and loss of sensation in the legs.

The more risk factors there are present in one individual, the higher their chances of developing Type 2 diabetes… but smoking is twice as bad a risk as any of the other factors. Pack-a-day smokers are, in fact, believed to have triple the chance of being diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes as non-smokers.

While certain risk factors such as ethnic background, family history and age cannot be controlled; smoking, exercise and a proper diet can be… even if help is required to change a risk-heavy lifestyle into a healthy one.

How do you stop smoking? The chances of giving up smoking by willpower alone are tiny. Counseling services, hypnotherapy and nicotine replacement therapy are all effective in helping smoking cessation.

Presentation Power

Making a successful presentation is one of the most rewarding accomplishments you will ever experience. Picture your audience applauding, cheering, moved by your message, rallying to your cause, purchasing from your catalog, signing the contract, wanting your autograph and rising for a standing ovation.

You witness the power and enthusiasm to make progress. To move forward. To give something of value your audience can take with them. You know that if you sow your message well–you will reap well.

But does a successful presentation happen by accident?

Hardly. It takes plenty of preparation and practice. And when you get good, you will always be considered as someone they will invite to speak again.

Let’s look at seven strategies that make you appear as a seasoned pro whether you’re getting paid to speak or working the rubber chicken circuit:

1) Vocal variety. What people want to hear is your natural voice. Don’t imitate someone else’s voice. That would sound fake. Think of your voice as an instrument playing a beautiful melody. And that melody is tied to your image and personality.

You probably know about varying your rate, pitch and volume. They make up your tone which you can vary from serious to humorous and everything in-between. Your audience will appreciate your ability to avoid sounding monotone.

You can benefit from warming up your vocal cords. What I like to do is sing along with music CDs or practice vocal scale exercises. This gives you your best sounding voice and helps you exercise your breathing. And I try not to eat or drink anything before and during the talk that will irritate my vocal cords. Some cool water is fine with me.

2) Dress to empower. In our modern dress-down casual society, it’s easy to forget about appropriate attire. A lot of presenters choose to blend in with their audience. I have a different take.

If you dress like one of us in the audience, my opinion of you is you’re not an authority figure who has anything of special value to offer. Or what you have to offer isn’t given the same weight as someone who dresses spiffier. A good rule of thumb is to dress one step above your audience.

I remember watching a young motivational speaker giving his presentation one evening. He wasn’t very good as evidenced by extended periods of audience silence. But he was dressed to the nines. He looked sharp on the platform. Even though his speech was lacking–I have a hard time thinking anything negative about him.

3) Natural body language. If you stay behind the lectern, you’re minimizing your ability to engage your audience. It shows you’re not fully comfortable with your listeners. It may appear you’re holding back or hiding something.

Once you get beyond the lectern–use hand, arm, body and facial gestures for emphasis and visual aid. Presenting is not only from your mouth to their ears. It’s a whole-body experience you can use to engage all their senses.

Plant your feet on the platform. Command authority by standing tall and proud. Face your audience, connect with your eyes, and move about naturally. Avoid repeating gestures as this makes you appear robotic. Another way to avoid the stiff, over-rehearsed look is to connect with people, then allow your body to speak.

If you use PowerPoint, stand to the audience’s left side of the screen. That’s the power position for PowerPoint users because westerners read from left to right. If you suddenly want full audience attention on you, black out the screen.

4) Proper room set-up. Most business presentations are given around a conference table with an intimate crowd. Larger audiences will require different layouts and maybe the use of a microphone and sound system. It’s ideal to check how many people plan to attend for audio purposes.

If you’re hosting a business opportunity meeting, it’s a strategic advantage to reserve a smaller room and have people standing to create the appearance that there’s a lot of interest. And it also hints of the urgency to get involved now to avoid missing out.

For an all-day meeting having tables set up is ideal, but will restrict your audience size. And if it’s in your budget, it’s always nicer to offer ice water, tea, coffee and snacks. And tipping the hotel staff in charge can make things run smoothly.

5) Presentation tools. With overhead projectors, PowerPoint, laptops, hybrid combinations, laser pointers and the tried-and-true flip chart–it’s easy to get overly dependent on these tools. Except for the flip chart, if something fails to work, you need a Plan B.

Call for a technical time-out to troubleshoot the problem. Bring or request a back-up laptop. Be aware of who’s in charge of the projector bulbs. Being prepared in advance can save your presentation during technical difficulties.

Remember, you or your team are the star of the show. Your tools aren’t. If it’s possible, get away from using the hi-tech tools. Your audience pays less attention to your message if your tools are also fighting for their attention.

6) Handouts, banners and product display. Handouts are normally passed out before your presentation. Have staff or volunteers distribute them. If you run out and can’t make extra copies, ask for couples or partners to share one. You can also direct people to a webpage to download extra copies.

Banners make a prosperity statement about you, your company or the organization you represent. Foam display boards in the hallways also add to that statement. Attendees are making judgments about you even before you speak your first word.

Products are usually displayed at the back-of-the-room. It’s great eye candy to drape the table with a tablecloth that shouts your name or brand. Don’t clutter the table. Just put out a few products as needed. It’s important that attendees get to see and touch your books, albums and resources.

7) Speech structure. There’s always debate about which is more important: the opening, the body or the close. My opinion is the opening has the greatest drawing power. You have the best chance to connect with your audience here. Failing to do so can create empty seats.

I recently sat at a session and the speaker was not engaging. People methodically began leaving the room. One by one.

I didn’t follow their example. I stayed hoping the body of her speech might be more engaging. But no dice. What I learned was if people don’t stick around after the opening, the body and the close doesn’t even matter.

By getting good at presenting, audiences will want to see you again. A relationship develops that could prove to be mutually rewarding. And opportunities will manifest that will expand your universe.

Special Birthday Presents

Special birthday presents applies to all people of all ages and groups. However, there are some birthday presents that are considered to be special just because of certain ages and groups. There are birthday presents for kids, teenagers and adults.

Buying for special birthday presents for kids can be rather easy compared to teenagers and adults. Because it’s very easy to determine what the kids wants on their special day. If you are a parent, buying something special for your kids will never be a problem because you already know what your kids want and love. Of course, toys will always be the most special birthday presents for kids. It just varies what kind of toys would they want.

Special birthday presents for teenagers and adults may somehow be similar. These age groups would prefer gifts that they can use effectively. It can be a form of kind or cash. The most practical gifts for these age groups can be gift certificates since it will give them the chance and decision of buying what they want for their birthday. If you thoroughly know the person, you can easily figure out what he or she wants for his or her birthday. You can either bring him or her to a restaurant or department store for shopping. This idea can be very special for the birthday celebrant but very costly on your part. It can only be applicable if the celebrant is someone close to your heart or main member of your family.

Chocolates can also be special birthday presents for teenagers and adults. It may come in different types, designs and packaging. This gift idea is not only special for the recipient but can also be very sweet. It may come in bundle with other gift stuffs such as bouquet of flowers, gift certificates, jewelries, birthday cards and many more. For more personalized touch, you can look for made-to-order chocolates in your area where you can customize your message and designs on it that can be more appropriate for the recipient.

Online sites or store are also best sources for special birthday presents. From here, you can have a wide range of selections for your gift ideas. Knowing the astrological sign of the recipient will also help you in identifying what gift idea to give as birthday presents. It would be great if you can pattern the gift with the recipient’s astrological sign.

In any cases that you run out some idea for special birthday presents, you can always ask help from someone. You may ask assistance from those people who are inclined with activities or hobbies that they love doing. If the recipient is inclined with sports or any outdoor activities, it would special buy him or her jersey to wear. The jersey can reflect the name of the favorite team of the recipient.